Nail deformity and dystrophy, Nail abnormalities nail disease

Nail dystrophy  is a term used to refer to shape abnormalities that occur when a fingernail or toenail forms. This deformation can result from a fungal infection, dermatological disease, or trauma. The  deformed nails  can occur in the nail plate, nail bed, or on a network of blood vessels under the nail.

The most common cause of this condition is two infections: psoriasis or onychomycosis.

On an  infected nail, the nail will have a different color and the nail can be replaced. In psoriasis, the nail will have brown or yellow lesions that accumulate underneath, resulting in a brittle fracture or splitting of the nail.

Usually, nail fungus can be caused by the humidity and high temperature of the foot / hand area if the patient has a habit of wearing socks and shoes frequently for long periods of time. In addition, the fungus will penetrate relatively quickly into small cuts of the skin, especially near the epidermis, causing  nail deformation  and  dystrophy .

In addition to infections,  nail dystrophy  can also occur when nails are brittle and brittle. This is  a  fairly common nail disease in women, related to factors such as age, exposure to chemicals, soap, long-term detergents ... Besides these factors, nail condition Brittle can also be caused by serious medical conditions such as  hyperthyroidism ,  endocrine disorders , malnutrition ...

In general, there are three main causes of  nail dystrophy,  summarized as follows:

Nail deformity  due to  nail dystrophy  can lead to a variety of nail / toenail changes, including the following:

3.1 Rough foundation

Usually, the foundation will have a relatively smooth surface. However, if the nail surface is rough to the touch, this could be an early sign of  psoriasis , arthritis  or  eczema .

3.2 Spoon-shaped concave nail

A healthy nail will usually have an arched upward curvature. Therefore, when  the nail surface is concave , this is a sign that the body is deficient in iron . You can easily see that the nail is now flat, concave like a spoon.

3.3 Pale nail color

Usually, the nail will be ruddy in color and this is a sign of a healthy body. When the pink color of the nail turns pale (some patients even have white nails), this is likely to come from anemia or other cardiovascular, hepatopancreatic diseases ...

3.4 The nail is yellow

Besides discoloration, a yellowish discoloration of your nails will be the most recognizable sign of onychomycosis. Not only changing in color, fungal nails also become rough and thick.

In addition to onychomycosis, yellow nails can also be caused by diabetes, psoriasis or thyroid disease. Rarely, yellow nails are a sign of skin cancer .

3.5 The nails are rough and jagged

This is very common in people who bite their nails. Nails will have to constantly suffer damage and lead to a ragged nail condition. In addition to this physical factor, ragged nails can also be caused by onychomycosis.

3.6 Black streaks appear on the nail

This is a sign of a hematoma underneath the nail that is caused by trauma. Besides, the black stripes can also be a sign of malignancy called  melanoma  - cancer pigment cells . This proliferation of cells can cause cancer and frequent manifestation of black streaks on the nail.

3.7 White spots on nails

This is a common and not a serious problem, and can be hereditary or sometimes caused by a nail bed injury.

3.8 Horizontal white stripes appear at the base of the nail

There is usually only a white semicircle at the base of the nail. If more horizontal stripes appear, this is considered an abnormal sign.

This can happen because essential nutrients such as zinc and protein are lacking in the body. Along with that, these signs may also be a warning of kidney disease or liver disease.

It can be said  that nail dystrophy that  causes  nail deformity  is the most common, but it can also lead to many other consequences. However, not all deformed nail conditions come from dystrophy but also can be caused by lack of quality, habit of nail biting ... Therefore, treatment requires a lot of focus on the cause  of nail deformity. .

Source: europharmas